IELTS stands for the International English Language Testing System. It is a standardized test that measures the English language proficiency of people who want to study or work in countries where English is the primary language of communication. The IELTS test is scored on a scale of 0 to 9, with 9 being the highest score. Test takers receive a separate score for each section of the test, as well as an overall band score. The score is valid for two years.  

There are two types of IELTS (International English Language Testing System) exams:

1. Academic IELTS: This is designed for students who want to study in English-speaking countries at the undergraduate or postgraduate level. It measures the ability to understand and use complex academic language and assesses the readiness of the test taker to begin studying or training in an academic environment.
2. General Training IELTS: This is designed for people who are going to English-speaking countries for work or immigration purposes. It measures the ability to use everyday English in social and workplace settings. The test includes topics such as work, immigration, travel, and social situations.

Both tests have the same Listening and Speaking sections, but their Reading and Writing sections differ. Here are the specifications for each section:  

1. Listening: This section lasts for 30 minutes, and it consists of four sections, with 10 questions in each section. The test takers listen to recordings of native English speakers and answer questions related to what they have heard.
2. Reading: This section has a different format for Academic and General Training tests. The Academic test consists of three passages, while the General Training test has a mix of shorter texts, such as advertisements or notices, and longer texts, such as newspaper articles or editorials. The Academic test lasts for 60 minutes, and the General Training test lasts for 60 minutes as well. The number of questions and their difficulty level vary for both tests.
3. Writing: This section also has a different format for Academic and General Training tests. In the Academic test, test takers are required to write a report or a summary of visual information presented in a graph, table, or chart in Task 1 and write an essay in Task 2. In contrast, the General Training test requires test takers to write a letter in Task 1 and an essay in Task 2. Task 1 is worth one-third of the marks, and Task 2 is worth two-thirds of the marks. The test lasts for 60 minutes.
4. Speaking: This section consists of a face-to-face interview with an IELTS examiner. The interview lasts for 11-14 minutes and is divided into three parts. In Part 1, the examiner asks the test taker some questions about themselves. In Part 2, the test taker is given a topic to speak on for two minutes. In Part 3, the examiner and the test taker discuss the topic in more detail.

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